Latin I
Course Description
In this course the student will be introduced to the basic structure of the Latin language and develop an understanding of basic grammar and vocabulary. The student will gain an understanding and appreciation for Ancient Roman culture through a study of history and mythology.
Course Big Ideas
- The Roman Alphabet and Pronunciation
- Basic Parts of Speech
- The Uses of Latin Noun Cases
- 1st and 2nd Declension Nouns
- Noun/Adjective Agreement
- The Present System of Verb Tenses (action and being)
- Basic Vocabulary
- Simple Sentence Translation
- Roman Daily Life
- Roman Mythology
Course Essential Questions
- How has Latin influenced the English language, in respect to grammatical concepts and vocabulary?
- What importance is placed on the identification and analysis of parts of speech within a sentence?
- How does a word’s use dictate its spelling (ending) within a phrase or sentence?
- In what ways has Ancient Roman culture influenced modern society?
Course Competencies
- Appropriate pronunciation and recognition of spelling patterns in the Roman alphabet
- Identification and analysis of basic parts of speech within a sentence
- Declension of Latin nouns and adjectives in the 1st and 2nd Declensions
- Conjugation of Latin verbs of the 1st and 2nd Conjugations in the present, imperfect, and future tenses, as well as the present infinitive
- Connections in grammatical concepts and basic vocabulary between Latin and English
- Simple written translation of both English and Latin, as it applies to target grammatical concepts and vocabulary
- Comparisons of ancient and modern cultures, as it relates to general aspects of daily life and beliefs
Course Assignments
- Recitation of noun and verb charts
- Teacher and student-produced written assignments
- Teacher-produced formative and summative assessments
Course Units
- Unit 1: The Alphabet, 1st Declension Nouns, & Present Tense Verbs
- Unit 2: Irregular Verbs, Commands, & Infinitives
- Unit 3: 2nd Declension Nouns & Imperfect Tense Verbs
- Unit 4: Noun/Adjective Agreement, Future Tense Verbs, Roman Mythology
- Unit 5: Adverbs and Latin Questions (with continued Mythology)
Unit 1: The Alphabet, 1st Declension Nouns, & Present Tense Verbs
- Standards
- Know
- Understanding/Key Learning
- Do
- Unit Essential Questions
- Lesson Essential Questions
- Materials/Resources
- Vocabulary
- Assessments
Standards
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
- Communication 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions.
- Communication 1.2: Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
- Cultures 2.1: Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and perspectives of the culture studied.
- Connections 3.1: Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language.
- Comparisons 4.1: Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of the language studied and their own.
Know
- The Latin alphabet and its pronunciation.
- The major parts of speech of the English language.
- The physical properties of a Latin noun.
- The uses of a noun within a sentence.
- The 1st Declension endings of a Latin noun.
- The physical properties of a Latin verb.
- The present tense of an action verb.
- The present tense endings of a Latin verb.
Understanding/Key Learning
- Pronunciation and inflection play an important role in interpreting the use and function of Latin vocabulary within a complete sentence.
- The spelling patterns of Latin words directly correspond to the use and interpretation of English parts of speech and the formation of a complete sentence.
- According to the spelling patterns (endings) of a Latin word, a noun’s function can be interpreted and connected to the comprehension of English grammar.
- A verb’s tense indicates the time of the action of a sentence.
- A Latin verb’s spelling (ending) will indicate both the tense and subject within a phrase or sentence.
- Latin vocabulary has a heavy influence in the English language. The connections between Latin vocabulary and its English meanings often help develop a stronger sense of the English language.
Do
- Identify English words within a sentence by their parts of speech.
- List and organize the functions of nouns according to Latin categories.
- Analyze an English sentence in order to identify the functions of nouns.
- Analyze Latin vocabulary and compare it with English to understand derivatives.
- Decline a Latin noun in the 1st Declension.
- Conjugate a Latin verb in the present tense.
- Read and write verbs in English in the present tense.
- Translate simple phrases and sentences in both Latin and English.
- Create original phrases and sentences using the target grammar and vocabulary in both Latin and English.
Unit Essential Questions
Lesson Essential Questions
- What methods or cues can be used to determine the part of speech in an English sentence?
- How is a noun identified as 1st Declension?
- What are the case endings for 1st Declension nouns in Latin?
- How do 1st Declension nouns adapt (in spelling) to sentence structure?
- How does a Latin verb indicate the tense and person of a sentence?
- What steps are taken to write a Latin verb in the present tense?
- What steps can be taken to break down the translation of sentences in both Latin and English?
Materials/Resources
Vocabulary
Assessments
- Read-aloud activities
- Recitation of endings charts
- Daily practice assignments for grammar review
- Formative grammar and vocabulary quizzes
- Teacher-produced written assignments (simple sentences to translate into both Latin and English)
- Student-produced written assignments based on prompts (simple sentences to demonstrate comprehension of target grammar and vocabulary)
- Summative unit assessment
Unit 2: Irregular Verbs, Commands, & Infinitives
- Standards
- Know
- Understanding/Key Learning
- Do
- Unit Essential Questions
- Lesson Essential Questions
- Materials/Resources
- Vocabulary
- Assessments
Standards
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
- Communication 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions.
- Communication 1.2: Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
- Cultures 2.1: Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and perspectives of the culture studied.
- Connections 3.1: Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language.
- Comparisons 4.1: Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of the language studied and their own.
Know
Understanding/Key Learning
Do
- Distinguish the verb(s) of both English and Latin sentences based upon visual and aural cues, including tone, spelling, word usage, and other syntax.
- Conjugate a Latin irregular verb in the present tense.
- Conjugate a Latin verb in the infinitive form.
- Conjugate a Latin verb in the imperative forms.
- Translate simple phrases and sentences in both Latin and English.
Unit Essential Questions
Lesson Essential Questions
Materials/Resources
Vocabulary
Assessments
- Read-aloud activities
- Recitation of endings/forms charts
- Daily practice assignments for grammar review
- Formative grammar and vocabulary quizzes
- Teacher-produced written assignments (simple sentences to translate into both Latin and English)
- Student-produced written assignments based on prompts (simple sentences to demonstrate comprehension of target grammar and vocabulary)
- Summative unit assessment (cumulative of all course content to date)
Unit 3: 2nd Declension Nouns & Imperfect Tense Verbs
- Standards
- Know
- Understanding/Key Learning
- Do
- Unit Essential Questions
- Lesson Essential Questions
- Materials/Resources
- Vocabulary
- Assessments
Standards
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
- Communication 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions.
- Communication 1.2: Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
- Cultures 2.1: Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and perspectives of the culture studied.
- Connections 3.1: Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language.
- Comparisons 4.1: Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of the language studied and their own
Know
- The physical properties of a 2nd Declension Latin noun.
- The 2nd Declension endings of a Latin noun, in both masculine and neuter genders.
- The imperfect (past) tense of a verb – both action and being.
- The imperfect tense endings of a regular Latin verb.
- The imperfect tense endings of an irregular Latin verb.
Understanding/Key Learning
- According to the properties of a Latin vocabulary noun, different spelling patterns are used to indicate function within a sentence. (i.e. A noun’s declension indicates specific spelling patterns to be used for individual vocabulary terms.)
- A Latin verb’s ending or form will change not only to express person and number, but also tense.
Do
- Decline a Latin noun in the 2nd Declension (both masculine and neuter genders).
- Distinguish between 1st and 2nd Declension vocabulary terms based upon physical properties.
- Use a noun’s declension to decline appropriately based upon its use within a sentence.
- Conjugate a Latin verb in the imperfect (past) tense.
- Read and write verbs in English in the imperfect tense.
- Identify verbs in both Latin and English by their tense, between present and imperfect.
- Translate simple phrases and sentences in both Latin and English.
- Create original phrases and sentences using the target grammar and vocabulary in both Latin and English.
Unit Essential Questions
Lesson Essential Questions
Materials/Resources
Vocabulary
Assessments
- Read-aloud activities
- Recitation of endings charts
- Daily practice assignments for grammar review
- Formative grammar and vocabulary quizzes
- Teacher-produced written assignments (simple sentences to translate into both Latin and English)
- Student-produced written assignments based on prompts (simple sentences to demonstrate comprehension of target grammar and vocabulary)
- Summative unit assessment (cumulative of all course content to date)
Unit 4: Noun/Adjective Agreement, Future Tense Verbs, Roman Mythology
- Standards
- Know
- Understanding/Key Learning
- Do
- Unit Essential Questions
- Lesson Essential Questions
- Materials/Resources
- Vocabulary
- Assessments
Standards
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
- Communication 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions.
- Communication 1.2: Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
- Communication 1.3: Students present information, concepts, and ideas to an audience of listeners or readers on a variety of topics.
- Cultures 2.1: Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and perspectives of the culture studied.
- Connections 3.1: Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language.
- Connections 3.2: Students acquire information and recognize the distinctive viewpoints that are only available through the foreign language and its cultures.
- Comparisons 4.1: Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of the language studied and their own.
- Comparisons 4.2: Students demonstrate understanding of the concept of culture through comparisons of the cultures studied and their own.
Know
- The definition of an adjective.
- The physical properties of a Latin adjective.
- The future (past) tense of a verb – both action and being.
- The future tense endings of a regular Latin verb.
- The future tense endings of an irregular Latin verb.
- The names and duties of the major gods and goddesses of Ancient Roman mythology.
Understanding/Key Learning
- A Latin adjective, when used to describe a Latin noun in a sentence, must agree with the physical and interpreted properties of the noun (i.e. match its categorical properties in case, number, and gender).
- For every way of expressing tense in the English language, a different representation (chart of endings) in Latin corresponds for every person and number.
- Ancient Roman culture believed the gods and tales of mythology served many purposes, including:
- explanation for worldly occurrences or phenomena and historical legend,
- e.g. why the seasons occur, how humans were created, the origin of animals
- a code of moral conduct, influencing human behavior based on stories of reward and consequence
- e.g. be kind to others, do not disrespect the gods, heed advice
- e.g. be kind to others, do not disrespect the gods, heed advice
- explanation for worldly occurrences or phenomena and historical legend,
Do
- Decline a Latin adjective in the 1st and 2nd Declensions.
- Determine the properties of a Latin noun within a sentence in order for an adjective to appropriately agree.
- Conjugate a Latin verb in the future tense.
- Read and write verbs in English in the future tense.
- Identify verbs in both Latin and English by their tense, between present, imperfect, and future.
- Summarize a verb into a verb synopsis, writing both Latin forms and English meanings.
- Translate simple phrases and sentences in both Latin and English.
- Create original phrases and sentences using the target grammar and vocabulary in both Latin and English.
- Summarize an Ancient Roman myth.
- Analyze the purpose of an Ancient Roman myth.
Unit Essential Questions
Lesson Essential Questions
- What properties of a Latin known must be known in order to describe it with a Latin adjective?
- What steps are taken to write a Latin verb in the future tense?
- How can verb forms be summarized into a graphic organizer?
- Who are the Ancient Roman gods and what influence did they have on Ancient Roman culture?
- What are the purposes of telling and reading mythological tales?
- What influence does Roman mythology have on modern culture and ways of thinking?
Materials/Resources
- teacher-produced notes and graphic organizers
- teacher-produced activities and assignments via Schoology
- teacher-produced vocabulary lists
- vocabulary review via Quizlet
- text – Roman mythological tales via Ovid’s Metamorphoses
- videos – Roman myths, as told via TedEd (YouTube)
Vocabulary
Assessments
- Recitation of endings charts
- Daily practice assignments for grammar review
- Formative grammar and vocabulary quizzes
- Teacher-produced written assignments (simple sentences to translate into both Latin and English)
- Student-produced written assignments based on prompts (simple sentences to demonstrate comprehension of target grammar and vocabulary)
- Summative unit assessment (cumulative of all course content to date)
- summaries and analyses of ancient myths via discussion posts
- digital projects providing visual storytelling of ancient myths
Unit 5: Adverbs and Latin Questions (with continued Mythology)
- Standards
- Know
- Understanding/Key Learning
- Do
- Unit Essential Questions
- Lesson Essential Questions
- Materials/Resources
- Vocabulary
- Assessments
Standards
American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
- Communication 1.1: Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings and emotions, and exchange opinions.
- Communication 1.2: Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
- Communication 1.3: Students present information, concepts, and ideas to an audience of listeners or readers on a variety of topics.
- Cultures 2.1: Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and perspectives of the culture studied.
- Connections 3.1: Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the foreign language.
- Connections 3.2: Students acquire information and recognize the distinctive viewpoints that are only available through the foreign language and its cultures.
- Comparisons 4.1: Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of the language studied and their own.
- Comparisons 4.2: Students demonstrate understanding of the concept of culture through comparisons of the cultures studied and their own.
Know
Understanding/Key Learning
Do
- Identify an adverb within an English sentence.
- Form adverbs from adjectives in both English and Latin.
- Determine styles of questioning based upon visual and aural cues in both Latin and English.
- Translate simple phrases and sentences in both Latin and English.
- Create original phrases and sentences using the target grammar and vocabulary in both Latin and English.
Unit Essential Questions
Lesson Essential Questions
- What methods can be used in order to identify an adverb within an English sentence?
- What steps are taken, in both Latin and English, to form an adverb from an adjective?
- How can the phrasing of a question indicate a manner of response?
- How does the formation or wording of a Latin question differ based on the style of question?
Materials/Resources
Vocabulary
Assessments
- Daily practice assignments for grammar review
- Formative grammar and vocabulary quizzes
- Teacher-produced written assignments (simple sentences to translate into both Latin and English)
- Student-produced written assignments based on prompts (simple sentences to demonstrate comprehension of target grammar and vocabulary)
- Summative unit assessment (cumulative of all course content to date)