Business Management

PA Academic Standards for  Business, Computer and Information Technology:

• 15.8.12.E  Evaluate how businesses are organized to achieve desired goals.
• 15.8.12.G Analyze leadership skills necessary for leading at various management levels.
• 15.8.12.M Evaluate selection criteria for a position in a business or organization.

National Standards for Business Education:

•  Analyze the management functions and their implementation and integration within the business environment.

• The definition of management.
• The levels of management.
• The management process consists of tasks, roles, and skills.
• The principles of management.
• The role of women and minorities in management and the glass ceiling. 
• The definition of an entrepreneur.
• The importance of small businesses.

• Management is a structured process involving different levels (top, middle, lower), each with specific roles, tasks, and leadership responsibilities necessary to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively.
• The principles of management—such as planning, organizing, leading, and controlling—serve as the foundation for effective decision-making and strategic execution at all levels of an organization.
• Entrepreneurs identify market opportunities, innovate, and build businesses from the ground up, while professional managers typically operate within established organizations, focusing on optimizing performance and sustaining growth.
• Women and minorities continue to face challenges in management due to the “glass ceiling,” but increased awareness and inclusive policies are gradually promoting more diverse leadership.

• Explain changes taking place in the business world.
• Discuss the characteristics of good leaders.
• Examine the three levels of management and their roles.
• Determine the leadership skills necessary for effective management.
• Compare and contrast leadership styles.
• Describe what entrepreneurs do and how they differentiate from professional managers.

• Why do you think management is an important part of the business world?
• What are the three levels of management and their importance?
• What is the management process? 

• What are management tasks?
• What are the principles of management?
• What is the glass ceiling?
• How do you become an entrepreneur?  
   

• PowerPoint notes, laptop, projector, Glencoe Business Management book, Knowledge Matters Virtual Business Management Simulation   

• Management
• Role
• Principle
• Small business
• Senior management
• Conceptual skills
• Glass ceiling
• Middle management
• Human relations skills
• Professional manager
• Supervisory management
• Technical skills
• Entrepreneur

• Quizzes
• End-of-section assessments
• In-class assignments
• Virtual Business Management Simulation
• Unit test
   

PA Academic Standards for  Business, Computer and Information Technology:

• 15.8.12.C  Critique major social and ethical decisions made by businesses and organizations throughout history.
• 15.8.12.F Critique business strategies designed to balance the needs of the business with the workforce.
• 15.8.12.H  Analyze motivational theories and their application in a business or organization.
• 15.5.12.A  Analyze personal choices in preparation for entrepreneurship.

National Standards for Business Education

• Analyze the management theories and their application within the business environment.
• Explain why knowledge of the evolution of management theories is valuable.
• Illustrate how past and current management theories are applied in the business environment.
   

• The evolution of management.
• The importance of the Industrial Revolution pertaining to management.
• The definition of a monopoly.
• The new challenge of management by the end of the 19th century.
• The different theories pertaining to management.
• The development of modern management.

• The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point in management by shifting production from small-scale, manual labor to large-scale, mechanized operations, creating a new demand for organized management systems.
• The rise of industrial giants, or 'captains of industry,' led to the formation of monopolies and massive business empires, highlighting the need for strategic and efficient management practices.
• Modern management evolved through distinct stages, from classical theories focused on efficiency (like Scientific Management) to contemporary approaches emphasizing motivation, quality, and human behavior.
• Effective employee motivation and compensation strategies—both intrinsic (recognition, growth) and extrinsic (pay, benefits)—are essential for retention, performance, and organizational success.

• Discuss how the Industrial Revolution created a new need for management.
• Discuss how the captains of industries of the last century created huge empires.
• Compare and contrast motivational theories used in a business or organization.
• Explain the concept of productivity.
• Discuss the results of the Hawthorne studies on worker productivity.
• Interpret the principles of Theory X, Theory Y, and Theory Z management styles.
• Analyze and describe the levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
• Examine strategies to motivate and compensate employees.
• Interpret the principles of total quality management (TQM).

• How did the Industrial Revolution create a new need for management?
• How did the Captains of Industry of the last century create huge, controversial empires?
• What are the various theories of management?

• What are the effects of Japanese business practices on management in the United States?
• What are the levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, and what do they mean?
• How does Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs pertain to business?
• What are the principles of Theory X, Theory Y, and Theory Z management? 
   

• PowerPoint notes, laptop, projector, Glencoe Business Management book, Knowledge Matters Virtual Business Management Simulation    
   

• Monopoly
• Theory X
• Decentralization
• Trust
• Theory Y
• Total quality management
• Scientific management
• Theory Z
• Hierarchy of needs
• Centralization

• Quizzes
• End-of-section assessments
• In-class assignments
• Virtual Business Management Simulation
• Unit test
   

PA Academic Standards for  Business, Computer and Information Technology:

• 15.8.12.K  Design a career plan that incorporates personal interests, education, and societal trends, as related to lifelong learning in the changing global environment.
• 15.8.12.Q  Assess compensation, benefit plans, incentive packages, and possible career paths in businesses.
• 15.2.12.A  Analyze personal characteristics, talents, skills, abilities and career assessment results as related to career pathways, clusters, or occupations. Reference Career Education and Work.
• 15.2.12.E  Compare and contrast career interests with post-secondary opportunities.
• 15.2.12.G  Analyze and complete an application (e.g., job, scholarship, financial aid, post-secondary) in a focused and effective manner.
• 15.2.12.H  Demonstrate appropriate behavior for an interview.
• 15.2.12.J  Analyze career goals based on, but not limited to, interest, lifestyle, skills, and values in order to transition from high school. Reference Career Education and Work.

National Standards for Business Education:

• Apply knowledge gained through individual assessment to develop a comprehensive set of goals and an individual career plan.      
• Utilize career resources to develop a career information portfolio that includes international career opportunities.

• The importance of exploring careers.
• How to assess your interests, abilities, personality, and learning style. 
• How to research career options.
• The value of networking.
• The importance of developing a plan to achieve career goals.
• How to apply for a job.
• How to properly format a professional resume.
• How to properly format a cover letter.
• How to prepare for and conduct yourself in an interview.

• Exploring careers is essential for making informed decisions about the future and helps align personal strengths, interests, and goals with the right career path.
• Assessing your interests, abilities, personality traits, values, and learning style allows you to choose a career that fits your lifestyle, increases satisfaction, and boosts long-term success.
• Effective career research involves using online tools, informational interviews, and job shadowing to gather insights and develop a strategic plan toward achieving career goals.
• Professional resumes and cover letters must be clearly formatted, targeted to specific roles, and highlight relevant experience and skills to make a strong first impression.
• Strong interview skills—including preparation, communication, professionalism, and follow-up—are crucial in making a positive impact during the hiring process and increasing your chances of employment.

• Explain why personal characteristics and strengths are important in deciding on a career.
• Discuss the benefits of lifelong learning on career growth.
• Discuss how to assess abilities, personality, learning style, values, and lifestyle goals.
• Analyze how to match personal strengths and characteristics with career options.
• Research career fields to develop a plan to achieve career goals. 
• Present a properly formatted professional resume and cover letter.
• Discuss proper interviewing skills and their importance.
• Describe the interview and selection process for applicants in various businesses.
   

• How do personal characteristics, values, and lifestyle goals influence career decisions?
• How do you determine your own personal learning style and personality to find the best career for yourself?
• What are the procedures for obtaining a professional career, and how do you prepare the necessary documents? 
   

• How do you set career goals?
• What are the resources to search the job market?
• How do you properly format a resume and cover letter?
• How do you prepare for a professional interview? 
• What is the importance of properly preparing for a professional interview?
   

• PowerPoint notes, laptop, projector, Glencoe Business Management book, Knowledge Matters Virtual Business Management Simulation    
   

• Career
• Lifestyle
• Personality
• Trend
• Learning styles
• Professional association
• Values
• Networking

• Quizzes
• End-of-section assessments
• In-class assignments
• Virtual Business Management Simulation
• Unit test

PA Academic Standards for  Business, Computer and Information Technology:

• 15.8.12.C  Critique major social and ethical decisions made by businesses and organizations throughout history.

National Standards for Business Education:

• Examine the role of ethics and social responsibility in decision-making.
• Explain the importance of ethical standards in conducting business.
• Describe ethical dilemmas faced by managers.
• Discuss key questions to determine whether a behavior is ethical.

• The importance of ethics in business.
• Code of ethics.
• Laws relating to ethics in business.
• Ethical standards and culture.
• The definition of social responsibility.
• The difference between profit maximization, trustee management, and social involvement.
• How companies measure social responsibility.

• Ethics in business involves making decisions based on moral principles and integrity, which builds trust, strengthens reputation, and supports long-term success.
• A code of ethics outlines a company’s core values and acceptable behaviors, guiding employee conduct and helping prevent unethical or illegal actions.
• Ethical standards and corporate culture are shaped by leadership, policies, and organizational values, all of which influence how employees act and make decisions.
• Social responsibility means businesses should contribute positively to society through environmental protection, fair labor practices, and community involvement, beyond just making a profit.

• Explain the ethical and social responsibilities of businesses.
• Discuss ethical and unethical behaviors and their impact on business and organizations.
• Discuss what ethical codes should include.
• Critique major social and ethical decisions made by businesses and organizations throughout history.
• Analyze how businesses solve ethical dilemmas.
• Discuss what laws relate to ethics in business.
• Interpret how corporate responsibility has changed since the 19th century.
• Explain how corporations demonstrate their sense of social responsibility.
• Identify regulatory bodies governing business law and ethics (Fair Labor Standards, IASB, FASB, SEC).
• Identify improper use of business technology and property.

• Why are ethics so important in business?
• What are ethical dilemmas?
• What are some laws that deal with ethical dilemmas?
   

• How do businesses demonstrate their social responsibility?
• What laws relate to ethics in business?
• How has corporate responsibility changed its thinking since the 19th century? 
• How do corporations demonstrate their sense of social responsibility?

• PowerPoint notes, laptop, projector, Glencoe Business Management book, Knowledge Matters Virtual Business Management Simulation    
   

• Ethics
• Stakeholder
• Code of ethics
• Social audit
• Intellectual property
• Social responsibility

• Quizzes
• End-of-section assessments
• In-class assignments
• Virtual Business Management Simulation
• Unit test

PA Academic Standards for  Business, Computer and Information Technology:

• 15.2.12.I  Compare and contrast employment laws, including, but not limited to, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Child Labor Laws, the Civil Rights Act of 1964,the  Consolidated Omnibus Reconciliation Act (COBRA), and the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
• 5.8.12.B  Analyze the costs and benefits of organizing a business as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation.

National Standards for Business Education:

• Analyze the relationships between contract law, the law of sales, and consumer law.
• Recognize the responsibilities created by a contract.
• Identify and state the purpose of legislation that regulates consumer credit and electronic credit transactions (e.g., Fair Credit Reporting Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Collection Practices Act, and Consumer Credit Protection Act).
• Evaluate consumer protection legislation at the state and federal levels.
• Describe the major types of business organizations, including sole proprietorships, partnerships, corporations, and limited liability companies, and operating within the socioeconomic arena of the national and international marketplace.
• Define the two primary forms of business ownership: sole proprietorship and partnership.
• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of a sole proprietorship.
• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of a partnership.
• Define corporation.
• Explain why a corporation is a legal entity.

• Laws that regulate businesses.
• What constitutes Corporate Law.
• Tax Laws, Intellectual Property Laws, Consumer Laws, Commercial Laws, Licensing and Zoning Laws. 
• The Importance of Employment Laws.
• What are Equal Employment Opportunity Laws, Occupational Safety and Health Laws, Wage-Hour Laws, Benefit Laws, and Labor Relations Laws.

• Business operations are governed by multiple areas of law, including corporate, tax, intellectual property, consumer protection, commercial, licensing, and zoning laws, to ensure legal compliance and protect stakeholders.
• Corporate law defines the formation, governance, and responsibilities of corporations, determining how businesses are structured and how they operate legally.
• Employment laws safeguard workers' rights and outline employers’ responsibilities, covering areas like fair wages, benefits, workplace safety, and protection from discrimination.
• The five major categories of employment law—Equal Employment Opportunity, Occupational Safety and Health, Wage-Hour, Benefits, and Labor Relations—ensure that employees are treated fairly and work in safe, equitable environments.

• Discuss the five major kinds of employment laws.
• Summarize the three major federal equal employment opportunity laws.
• Translate the importance of occupational safety and health laws.
• Explain how the Fair Labor Standards Act protects workers.
• Identify the elements and characteristics of a legal contract. 
• Recognize the different kinds of laws that protect workers.
• Analyze the five benefit laws with which companies must comply.
• Describe familiar business law cases and their impact on business practices. 
• Discuss how labor relations laws protect workers' rights. 
• Describe the legal rights and responsibilities of various business structures when conducting business. 

• What are the laws that regulate business, and their importance?
• What consumer protection laws are there, and what is their importance? 
• What are contracts, and why are they so important?

• What are the six different kinds of laws that affect business operations?
• How do income and property taxes affect businesses?
• How do patents, trademarks, and copyrights protect the intellectual properties of a business?
• What are the essential elements of contracts in business?
• How does the FTC protect consumers from unfair business practices?
• What are the five major kinds of employment laws?
• What is the importance of occupational safety and health laws?
   

• PowerPoint notes, laptop, projector, Glencoe Business Management book, Knowledge Matters Virtual Business Management Simulation
   

• Regulations
• Income Tax
• Copyright
• Sole Proprietorship
• Property Tax
• Contract
• Partnership
• Patent
• Employment Laws
• Corporation
• Trademark
• Unions

• Quizzes
• End-of-section assessments
• In-class assignments
• Virtual Business Management Simulation
• Unit test